Hydration 101

Dehydration in athletes can lead to fatigue, headaches, decreased coordination, and muscle cramping. Other heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke, have even more serious consequences. It’s important for athletes to pay attention to what and how much water they’re drinking before, during, and after exercise.

For a long run or workout, make sure your athletes are well-hydrated during the days leading up to the workout. Making sure they’re well-hydrated before a long workout will help decrease their chances of dehydration following the workout.

Sprains Vs. Strains

A sprain is an injury to a ligament, or the thick, tough tissue that connects the bones together, keeping the body in a normal alignment. By keeping the skeleton in line, ligaments help to avoid abnormal movements; however, when too much force is applied, the ligament typically suffers a sprain.

How Stress Affects Back Pain

Stress can create a frustrating cycle of tension and discomfort in your spine and whole body. Understanding the link between stress and back pain—and adopting effective coping strategies—can help you manage pain more effectively and improve your overall well-being.

How Stress Contributes to Back Pain

When you're stressed, your body reacts by tensing muscles, increasing inflammation, and heightening pain perception. Over time, this can lead to chronic pain, stiffness, and discomfort in the back and neck.

How to Prepare for Spine Surgery: A Patient’s Guide

Problems with your spine negatively affect your life in many ways. Chronic pain from spinal issues isn’t always manageable through conservative means. If you’re still in pain, spine surgery is often the next step in your treatment plan. To prepare for your spinal procedure, follow these five crucial steps before surgery.

Steps to Prepare for Spine Surgery

1. Prioritize Your Health

Riya Sharma, P.A.-C.

Riya earned her Bachelor of Science degree in healthcare studies from The University of Texas at Dallas and her Master of Physician Assistant Studies degree from UNT Health Fort Worth. She joined Dr. Michael Khair at Carrell Clinic in 2025, where she assists in the evaluation and treatment of patients with a range of orthopaedic conditions.

Noelia Valle, P.A.-C.

Noelia earned her Bachelor of Science degree in biology from The University of Texas at Dallas and her Master of Physician Assistant Studies degree from The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. She joined Dr. Justin Cardenas at Carrell Clinic in 2025, where she assists in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with orthopaedic conditions, including those undergoing hip and knee replacement surgery.

Understanding Overuse Injuries

Overuse injuries occur when repetitive stress is placed on a muscle, joint, or tendon without adequate recovery time. These injuries are common among youth and adult athletes who train frequently or specialize in a single sport. While overuse injuries can disrupt performance, they are often preventable with the right strategies.

We are dedicated to helping athletes stay in the game safely. Focused on care for athletes, our experts are proud to provide what you need to know about overuse injuries, including signs, prevention, and treatment.

Playing It Safe: Injury Prevention Tips for Weekend Warriors

Weekend warriors are recreational athletes who engage in intense physical activity during their time off—and often face a higher risk of injuries due to irregular training schedules and overexertion. However, with the right approach, you can maintain your active lifestyle while reducing the likelihood of injury.

Our experts believe that prevention is the best medicine. Whether you’re playing sports, running, or exploring the outdoors, these strategies can help you stay safe: